Greenlist(tm) Bulletin 9/17/04
Greenlist(tm) Bulletin 9/17/04
This is the weekly bulletin of the TURI Library, reporting a selection of recently published titles we have acquired. Our pledge is to keep the bulletin relevant to your work and brief -- no more than 10 titles. (usually)
Titles here, abstracts below them:- Paint Wastewater Compliance, February 2004
- UV-Curable Acrylic Urethane Coatings for Weatherable Applications, February 2004
- Application of Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide, and UV Irradiation in Textile Wastewater Treatment, January 2004
- "Intelligent" Cleaning: A New Approach to Steel Strip Cleaning, March 2004
- Lead-free Card Assembly and Rework for Column Grid Arrays, January-March 2004
- Breast Cancer Risk and Historical Exposure to Pesticides form Wide-Area Applications Assessed with GIS, June 2004
- Polymers from Oranges and CO2, September 2004
- Going Beyond Feather Dusters: Chicken Feathers Are Being Transformed into Films, Composites, Plastics, and Roofing Material, September 2004
- A Method for Assessing Occupational Dermal Exposure to Permanent Hair Dyes, 2004
- What Do CEOs Think About Quality?, May 2004
1. TITLE Paint Wastewater Compliance
AUTHOR Carter, John
SOURCE Paint & Coatings Industry, February 2004, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 36-41
ABSTRACT In the past 10 or 15 years, as waterborne coatings have become increasingly appropriate and accepted for large-scale commercial applications, the industry has been presented with an entirely different type of wastewater compliance issue. Disposal, the area that is traditionally minimized until it becomes a problem, moves quickly from "issue" to "liability" if it cannot be addressed satisfactorily by the local Publicly Operated Treatment Works (POTW) at the other end of the sewer line. This is particularly true at the end-user level, such as the paint application line or spray booth of an operation,where frequent equipment washes are a matter of routine maintenance and indeed a key component of productivity, quality and ultimately, profitability. The contaminants under greatest regulatory scrutiny in paint wastewater streams are total suspended solids (TSS), and to a somewhat lesser extent, heavy metals, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The exceptionally high levels of TSS that in part account for a coating's performance, come back to present the most significant disposal obstacle in more ways than one. Without treatment, a clogged water line on the premises becomes an immediate production problem that is expensive, dirty and time-consuming to correct. Untreated wastewater that does reach POTW facilities are met with tightening discharge standards and escalating surcharges.
2. TITLE UV-Curable Acrylic Urethane Coatings for Weatherable Applications
AUTHOR Arndt, Larry W., et al.
SOURCE Paint & Coatings Industry, February 2004, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 42-50
ABSTRACT Low-VOC, sprayable acrylic-urethane clearcoats have been developed for weatherable applications. One-component, UV-curable coatings were prepared using novel acrylated urethane-acrylic resins. Two-component coating systems were developed using a partially acrylated urethane acrylic polyol and conventional 2K urethane components, diluted in acrylate monomers and acetone. These coatings have excellent appearance, physical properties and weatherability, suggesting that acrylic-urethane UV-curing clearcoat technology could potentially be applied to automotive OEM and refinish applications, as well as wood and plastic parts. The 2K/UV formulations are particularly interesting, in that they offer the instantaneous cure and productivity of UV-curable coatings while maintaining the physical properties, weatherability and low-cost characteristics of conventional 2K urethane systems.
3. TITLE Application of Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide, and UV Irradiation in Textile Wastewater Treatment
AUTHOR Kos, Lech; Perkowski, Jan; Ledakowicz, Stanislaw
SOURCE AATCC Review, January 2004, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 30-34
ABSTRACT Textile wastewater oxidation using ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and UV irradiation was studied as a method of treatment using samples of wastewater taken from textile factories. The wastewater was treated with O3, H2O2, and UV irradiation separately and in the combination of O3-H2O2-UV. For comparison, the combinations of H2O2-UV, O3-UV, and O3-H2O2 were also studied. The effect of wastewater type, pollutant concentration, pH of the
solution, process temperature, and doses of oxidizing agents on treatment results was determined. As a result of the treatment, a high degree of wastewater decolorization, total decomposition of surfactants, and a significant decrease of COD of the wastewater were obtained. The wastewater after treatment became more susceptible to biodegradation.
4. TITLE "Intelligent" Cleaning: A New Approach to Steel Strip Cleaning
AUTHOR Davis, James
SOURCE CleanTech, March 2004, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 18-23
ABSTRACT Steel strip cleaning is the application of a cleaning solution to a strip of steel that is moving either vertically or horizontally at speeds up to 2000 feet per minute. The cleaning solution contact time to the steel strip is typically less than 3 seconds. As a result of the short contact times, the cleaning process consists of a number of cleaning sections, with each section removing a portion of the total soil. The soil that is removed form the steel strip comprises metal fines, lubricating oils and esters, hard water salts, and various proprietary additives, such as antioxidants, emulsifiers, and extreme-pressure agents.
5. TITLE Lead-free Card Assembly and Rework for Column Grid Arrays
AUTHOR Cole, Marie, et al.
SOURCE SMTA News & Journal of Surface Mount Technology, January-March 2004, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 33-40
ABSTRACT IBM introduced copper column grid array (CuCGA) interconnect as the lead-free replacement for the lead-tin solder column on the ceramic column grid array (CCGA). Like CCGA, CuCGA offers a high reliability packaging solution, enabling the use of ceramic chip carriers with excellent electrical and thermal performance. The move to eliminate lead in microelectronic packaging increases the complexity of processing large body size, high I/O packages. The development of manufacturable card assembly and rework processes in concert with the development of a new package interconnect structure is key to technology acceptance. Copper column interconnect (CuCGA) has been designed to meet the requirements of manufacturability, reliability, and electrical performance. Optimization of the structure for manufacturability focused on the robustness of the column during manufacturing handling and the ease of card assembly processing. The resulting card-side solder joint is key to the reliability of the interconnect. The interconnect geometry also influences electrical performance. Evaluating these competing factors determined the final column design. This paper focuses on the development and reliability evaluation of the CuCGA card assembly and rework processes. The goal of the process development was to adapt the successful SMT assembly process for CCGA to the developing standards for lead-free SMT processing. Successful integration of the assembly processing
of the assembly process posed challenges in the areas of placement, reflow, and rework. The optimization of these processes, and the proof of successful results demonstrated by reliability evaluations, will be discussed.
6. TITLE Breast Cancer Risk and Historical Exposure to Pesticides form Wide-Area Applications Assessed with GIS
AUTHOR Green Brody, Julia et al.
SOURCE Environmental Health Perspectives, June 2004, vol. 112, no. 8, pp. 889-897
ABSTRACT Pesticides are of interest in etiologic studies of breast cancer because many mimic estrogen, a known breast cancer risk factor, or cause mammary tumors in animals, but most previous studies have been limited by using one-time tissue measurements of residues of only a few pesticides long banned in the United States. As an alternative method to assess historical exposures to banned and current-use pesticides, we used geographic information system (GIS) technology in a population-based case-control study of 1,165 women residing in Cape Cod, MA, who were diagnosed with breast cancer in 1988-1995 and 1,006 controls. We assessed exposures dating back to 1948 (when DDT was first used there) from pesticides applied for tree pests (e.g., gypsy moths), cranberry bogs, other agriculture, and mosquito control on wetlands. We found no overall pattern of association between pesticide use and breast cancer. We found modest increases in risk associated with aerial application of persistent pesticides on cranberry bogs and less persistent pesticides applied for tree pests or agriculture. Adjusted odds ratios for these exposures were 1.8 or lower, and, with a few exceptions, confidence intervals did not exclude the null. The study is limited by uncertainty about locations of home addresses (particularly before 1980) and unrecorded tree pest and mosquito control events as well as lack of information about exposures during years when women in the study lived off Cape Cod and about women with potentially important early life exposures on Cape Cod who were not included because they moved away.
7. TITLE Polymers from Oranges and CO2
SOURCE Chemical & Engineering News, September 6, 2004, p. 35
ABSTRACT Aliphatic polycarbonates made from CO2 and epoxides have promise as biodegradable polymeric materials. Although CO2 is an inexpensive feedstock, and its use on a large scale could help control atmospheric emissions, most industrial uses of epoxides involve ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or cyclohexene oxide derived form petroleum. Researchers at Cornell have now devised a polycarbonate synthesis that uses limonene oxide derived from citrus fruit as a starting material.
8. TITLE Going Beyond Feather Dusters: Chicken Feathers Are Being Transformed into Films, Composites, Plastics, and Roofing Material
AUTHOR Halford, Bethany
SOURCE Chemical & Engineering News, September 6, 2004, p. 36
ABSTRACT Several plucky chemists and chemical engineers are using cast-off chicken feathers to make all manner of products, from biodegradable plastic containers to hurricane-proof housing. At the American Chemical Society national meeting in Philadelphia, three of these scientists gave attendees a sample of their work during the "nonfood Applications of Proteinaceous Renewable Materials" symposium sponsored by the Division of Cellulose & Renewable Materials.
9. TITLE A Method for Assessing Occupational Dermal Exposure to Permanent Hair Dyes
AUTHOR Lind, Marie-Louise, et al.
SOURCE Annals of Occupational Hygiene, vol. 48, no. 6, 2004, pp. 533-539
ABSTRACT Hairdressers have an increased risk of developing occupational skin diseases due to exposure to skin irritants and sensitizers. In the present work a method of assessing dermal exposure to permanent hair dyes was developed. The sampling performance characteristics of hand wash sampling with bag rinsing were studied for five hair dye compounds. The effect of residence time, sample load and different matrices were studied. Thirty volunteers were exposed to a reference solution of these compounds and to commercial hair dye products. The sampling efficiency after 5 minutes residence time was between 70 and 90% for the dye components in the hair dye products. Sampling efficiency decreases with increasing residence time, making the time of sampling an important factor. Hand was sampling should be performed as soon as possible after the work task of interest. We conclude that the sampling efficiency is adequate for measurements of dermal exposure to permanent hair dyes. Hand wash sampling with bag rinsing is a useful tool for field studies of dermal exposure assessment in hairdressers.
10. TITLE What Do CEOs Think About Quality?
AUTHOR Weiler, Greg
SOURCE Quality Progress, May 2004, vol. 37, no. 5, pp. 52-56
ABSTRACT In today's highly competitive global marketplace, quality practitioners must justify the cost of quality. Making the economic case for quality by creating materials quality professionals can use to specifically demonstrate that quality pays rather than costs has accordingly become a priority for ASQ. The effort calls for three primary activities: 1. Conduct a survey to identify the current level of thinking about the economics of quality among CEOs and other top executives in four markets: manufacturing, service, healthcare and education. This will allow ASQ to create and focus materials to prove the economic case. 2. Engage volunteers in two target markets to contact top executives and deliver the economic case for quality message. 3. Provide members and other quality professionals with information and materials they can use in their own organizations.
Please let me know if you wish to be
removed from this service. You are welcome to send a message to if you
would like more information. Also, please tell us what topics you are
particularly interested in monitoring, and who else should see
GREENLIST. An online search can be done at http://greenlist.turi.org/
for greater topic coverage.
COPYRIGHT © 2004 by the TURI Library University of Massachusetts Lowell
This page updated Thursday December 15 2005